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Memoir of the life and public services of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles : particularly in the government of Java, 1811-1816, Bencoolen and its dependencies, 1817-1824 : with details of the commerce and resources of the eastern Archipelago, and selections from his correspondence, vol.1

Author:
Raffles, Sophia, Lady
Print Source:
London: J. Duncan, 1835
Publication Info:
Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Library
Publication Date:
1835
Table of Contents:
Front Matter
Title Page
Dedication
Notice.
Contents.
Illustrations.
Chapter I. Early Life of Mr. Raffles-Labours and relaxations-First tastes-Appointment under the new Government of Penang-Duties there-Goes to Malacca for his health-Malay literature-Paper on the Malayan nation-Woolly-haired people scattered among them-Game of chess-Orders for the destruction of Malacca-Countermanded on his representation-Native account of the Portuguese arrival at Malacca-The Dutch-Letter from Dr. Leyden.
"Chapter II. Mr. Raffles proceeds to Calcutta-Proposes expedition to Java-Lord Minto appoints him agent to collect information on the subject-Instructions of the Court of Directors to expel the French, and to give up the Island to the Natives-Consequences of such a measure-Lord Minto objects to it-Determines to proceed in person to Java-Letters of Dr.Leyden-His account of an excursion in the Malay Peninsula-Mr.Raffles reports to Lord Minto the result of his inquiries respecting Java, c."
"Chapter III. Account of the Eastern Islands-Products of Borneo-Settlements of Europeans in the Island-Celebes-Traffic in slaves-Policy of the Dutch, different policy of the English-Dutch factory at Japan-Trade with-Vieurs connected with the acquisition of Java-Countries from the By of Bengal to New Holland-Proposed policy, chain of posts-Chinese in Java-Monopoly of farms, c.-Arabs, use they make of their religion-Americans, regulation of trade-Dutch orders respecting trade and navigation -Means taken to keep up their monopoly of spice-Cause of the failure of their trading ports-Former policy of the English objected to-Neglect of the British government-Dutch views of Colonies-Causes of deterioration of Malay countries-Laws, want of-Propagation of Christianity-Advantages likely to accrue to the British nation from the acquisition of java and the Eastern Isles."
"Chapter IV. Lord Minto's great anxiety as to the passage from Malacca to Batavia - Naval men opposed to Mr. Raffles - Lord Minto confides in Mr. Raffles - New passage attempted - Arrival of Batavia -Mr. Raffles gives a sketch of the events which led to his being employed in the expedition - Establishment of the French power in Java - Sir Samuel Achmuty's account of the capture of Batavia, and the battle of Cornelis - Capitulation of the Island - Intercepted letters from Governor Jansens - Lord Minto's opinion of the value of the conquest - Death of Dr. Leyden - Lord Minto places Mr. Raffles in the government of Java - Leading principles of the Dutch government - Projected change of system - English Residents appointed at the native courts - Ancient temples - First Colony of Hindus - Upas poison - Journey to the Eastern district."
"Chapter V. Expedition to Palembang - Arrival of the Troops - Gallantry of the attack - Horrors of the scene - Colonel Gillespie's account of the Sultan - Measures adopted by Colonel Gillespie - Sultan of Djocjocarta - Mr. Raffles collects troops, and proceeds to Samarang - Account of treaties with the Sultan - General confederacy of the native states - unexpected and fortunate return of Colonel Gillespie - Assault and capture of Djocjocarta - European power first paramount in Java."
"Chapter VI. Difference of opinion between Colonel Gillespie and Mr. Raffles - Re-establishment of Society of Arts - Importance of connexion between Java and China to the East India Company's interests - Consequence of a King's government upon their monopoly - Lord Minto's anxiety to provide for Mr. Raffles, in the prospect of the island being transferred to the crown - Lord Minto's approval of the measures of government - Calling in depreciated paper - Promise of an official approbation - Account of the Colonies - Depreciated state of paper currency - want of specie - Lord Minto's return to England - His last letter on leaving Calcutta - Expedition to Sambas."
"Chapter VII. General Nightingall appointed to relieve General Gillespie - General Gillespie brings charges gainst Mr. Raffles - Decision of the Court of Directors on them - Ancient characters on stones from the temples - Establishment of the improved system of government - Principles on which it was founded - Institutions of Majapahit, his division of society into classes - Mr. Raffles' reasons for introducing the change in the tenure of the land - His anxiety and fatigue during its progress - Support of General Nightingall - Eventual fate of java - Hesitation of supreme government to give any rule for the guidance of the government - Forced to act in every measure of importance, in consequence, on his own responsibility - Suppression of piracy - Slave-trade declared to be felony, by a Colonial Law - Can only be repealed by the mother country - Leading inhabitants concur, and regisitered their slaves - Mission to Japan - Opening of trade with it - Disapproved by the Bengal government - Approved by the Court of Directors."
Chapter VIII. Domestic afflictions - Tour of the island for the benefit of his health - Native companions - Malay character - Origin of their race - Their literature - Civilization - The Moluccas - Celebes - Expedition to Bali and Macascar - People of Bali - Casts - Funeral ceremonies - Wives burning - Account of eruption of Tomboro mountain - Prospects of the Restoration of Java to the Dutch - Letter to Lord Buckingham on advantages of retaining it - Value of the Moluccas - Banca - Character of the East insular tribes - New government proposed for Java - Merits of the individuals employed - His own labours - Javanese language - Ancient sculpture and remains - Intention to write the History of Java - Review of his administration in Java - Close of it.
Chapter IX. Mr. Raffles hears he is to be relieved in the Government - Residency of Bencoolen secured to him - Forced to return to England by ill health - Arrival of Mr. Fendall - Reception of him - General regret at Mr. Raffles' departure - Presentation of plate - Endeavours by a last memorial to secure justice to the native princes and people - The objects of their treaties with English - Objects neglected by the English Government - Island restored without conditions to the Dutch - Embarkation - State of mind on quitting Java - Extract from Captain Travers' Journal during the voyage - St. helena - Interview with Buonaparte - Arrival at Falmouth - Mines in Cornwall - Journey to London.
Chapter X. Mr. Raffles appeals to the Court of Directors - Writes his History of Java - Princess Charlotte - Visits the Continent - Meditates the establishment of a society on the principle of the Jardin des Plantes - Is appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Bencoolen and its dependencies - Embarks for India - Death of Princess Charlotte - Arrival in Sumatra - Description of the Settlement - Dispute with the Dutch Government - Earthquakes - State of Bencoolen - His habits of intercourse with the Natives.
"Chapter XI. Sir Stamford Raffles determines to penetrate into the interior of the country - First excursion to the Hill of Mists - Account of journey to Passumah - Discovery of gigantic flower - Vegetation of a funeral - Traces of ancient Hindu mythology - Description of the people - Small-pox - Fatigue of the journey - Descends in rafts - Return to Masna - Proceeds to Cawoor - Success of first attempt to cross the Island of Sumatra - Extract from Mr. Presgrave's Journal - Description of the sacred mountain - Disappointment in not reaching the crater - Return to Manna - Mountain's temperature - Large lake - Sufferings of the people for want of salt, prohibited by the Dutch Government - People of Pasumah Lebar - Descendants of the Javanese - Villages - Language - Religion."
Chapter XII. Sir S. Raffles at Bencoolen - Proceeds to Padang - Is anxious to go to Menangkabu - Considered impracticable - Dangers represented - Determines to make the attempt - Difficulty of the road - Beauty of the country - Course up the river - Thermometer - Height of the mountain - Description of the Tiga Blas country and people - Houses - View of the Lake of Sincara - Description of it - Town of Simawang - Country compared to that of java - Arrival at Suruasa - Discovery of an inscription in the Kawi character - Description of Menangkabu - Hindu image similar to those of Java - Height of the city - Return to the Lake - Description of crossing it - Minerals - Vegetables - Agriculture - return to Bencoolen - Death of Dr. Arnold.